Застосування спектрофотометрів для визначення стану біоенергетичних культур
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47414/be.2025.No1.pp15-22Ключові слова:
біопаливо, міскантус гігантський, просо прутоподібне, тополя чорна, вербаАнотація
Мета. Визначити можливості фотометра до встановлення рівня забезпеченості біоенергетичних культур. Методи. Польові дослідження виконували в умовах зони нестійкого зволоження Правобережного Лісостепу України на дослідному полі Інституту біоенергетичних культур і цукрових буряків НААН України (с. Ксаверівка друга, Київська область) у 2022–2024 роках. Результати. Визначено що розрахунок показників флюоресценції хлорофілу є швидким і надійним способом ідентифікації широкого спектру видів стресу як у сільськогосподарських культур, так і в біоенергетичних. Однак, важливим питанням точної діагностики стану рослин залишається правильний підбір вимірюваних показників, оскільки широкий спектр параметрів вимірювань потребує додаткової кваліфікації. Досліджено, що за відсутності стресів у біоенергетичних культур стан фотосистеми доволі сильно (показник Fv/Fm) залежить від доступності рослинами макроелементів живлення, особливо азоту, що є біогенним елементом. При цьому між вмістом азоту в ґрунті та показниками фотосистеми рослин існує пряма дуже сильна кореляційна залежність (r = 0,98), а між вмістом фосфору в ґрунті та станом фотосистеми спостерігається зворотна значна кореляційна залежність (r = –0,67). До- слідження з визначення станів біоенергетичних рослин варто продовжити з використанням умов контрольованого клімату, як найбільш точного для виокремлення окремих станів — стресів від нестачі або надлишку фак- торів впливу (погодних умов, елементів живлення, тощо).
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